Lighters

ABSTRACT

An electrically ignited gas lighter with photoelectric transducers as the prime electrical energy source. Power from the photoelectric transducers is stored in accumulator cells and selectively metered through charging of a capacitor to a spark ignition circuit operable by discharge of the capacitor across a spark gap. An alternative embodiment has direct charging of the capacitor from the photoelectric transducers. Voltage multiplication by parallel connection of accumulator cells to the photoelectric transducers and series connection to the capacitor is disclosed, also by means of step-up transformers and d.c. converters connected between the photoelectric transducers and the accumulator cells and between the capacitor and the discharge gap. Also disclosed are arrangements incorporating lenses and/or prisms to optimize light capture by the photoelectric transducers, and constructional arrangements employing printed circuit boards as structural support members for non-electrical components of the lighter.

United States Patent [191 Lamprecht et al.

[ Nov. 11, 1975 LIGHTERS [73] Assignee: Rowenta-Werke, GmbH, Offenbach (Main), Germany [22] Filed: Aug. 21, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 499,394

Related US. Application Data [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 443.396. Feb. 19. 1974, Pat. No. 3,850,570, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No 273.400. July 20 1972, Pat. No. 3,837.787.

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Aug. 25. 1973 Germany 2342963 [52] US. Cl 431/255; 317/96 [51] Int. Cl. F23Q 2/28 [58] Field of Search 431/255; 317/96 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3.837.787 9/1974 Remy et al 431/255 Primary Examiner-Edward G. Favors Attorney, Agent, or Firm-George R. Clark; Neil M. Rose; John S. Pacocha 7] ABSTRACT An electrically ignited gas lighter with photoelectric transducers as the prime electrical energy source. Power from the photoelectric transducers is stored in accumulator cells and selectively metered through charging of a capacitor to a spark ignition circuit operable by discharge of the capacitor across a spark gap. An alternative embodiment has direct charging of the capacitor from the photoelectric transducers. Voltage multiplication by parallel connection of accumulator cells to the photoelectric transducers and series connection to the capacitor is disclosed, also by means of step-up transformers and dc. converters connected between the photoelectric transducers and the accumulator cells and between the capacitor and the discharge gap. Also disclosed are arrangements incorporating lenses and/or prisms to optimize light capture by the photoelectric transducers, and constructional arrangements employing printed circuit boards as structural support members for non-electrical comporients of the lighter.

8 Claims, 37 Drawing Figures US. Patent NQQ. 11,1975 Sheet1of14 3,918,887

US. Patent Nov. 11, 1975 Sheet20f 14 3,918,887

U.S. Patent Nov. 11,1975 Sheet40f 14 3,918,887

Fig.9 30 30 Fig.10

Fig.1]

US. Patent Nov.11, 1975 Sheet6of 14 3,918,887

Fig.1?

US. Patent Nov. 11,1975 Sheet70f 14 3,918,887

236 237 2 9 Fig. 19

Sheet 8 of 14 3,918,887

US. Patent Nov. 11, 1975 US. Patent N0v.11, 1975 Shee't90f 14 3,918,887

l H 22a Fig.22 Gram) Fig. 23 Fig.2 215 229 21 227 207 U.S. Patent xxvm 301 310 312 322 301 327 311. 3 315 I Sheet 11 of 14 308 305 Fig. 27

xxvm

US. Patent Nov. 11, 1975 Sheet 12 of 14 3,918,887

US. Patent Nov. 11, 1975 Sheet 13 of 14 FIG.30

LIGHTERS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This application is a continuation-in-part of copending application Ser. No. 443,396 filed Feb. 19, 1974, and now U.S. Pat. No. 3,850,570, under the same title by Hermann Remy and Adolf Lamprecht which itself is a continuation-in-part of copending application Ser. No. 273,400 filed July 20, 1972, and now U.S. Pat. No. 3,837,787 under the same title by Hermann Remy and Adolf Lamprecht.

This invention relates to an electrically-ignited lighter having a gas tank the supply of gas wherefrom is controlled by a valve operatively connected with a switch in the electrical gas-ignition circuit.

In hitherto known lighters of this type, gas ignition was obtained in various ways. For example, lighters are known which have galvanic cells connected to a capacitor which discharges via the primary winding of an ignition voltage transformer, to the secondary winding of which are connected the ignition electrodes. Disadvantageous in that case is the fact that the galvanic cells, mainly due to their varying qualities, do not have a sufficiently long storage life and have to be replaced frequently. In addition their capacity is low. In order for them to be adequate for a large number of gas ignitions, the lighter would have to contain galvanic cells of ridiculously large dimensions.

Lighters are also known which employ accumulators (i.e. rechargeable batteries) as the ignition energy source. The accumulators must be frequently recharged which requires the provision of an additional charging device either incorporated into the lighter or separate therefrom. In any case, the recharging is a nuisance for the user.

Other known lighters operate with electro-magnetic energy transformers. These magnetic ignition systems, although independent on galvanic cells or accumulators and their charging devices, require high actuating forces and consequently require a not inconsiderable expenditure for apparatus to bring these forces into action within the limited space of a lighter.

Recently also piezoelectric elements have been used to produce the ignition energy. This indeed obviates the galvanic cells or accumulators with charging devices, but the user has to develop considerable forces. In addition the operation of this lighter is noisy.

OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of this invention is therefore to provide a gas lighter with electrical gas ignition which, on the one hand, is independent of both galvanic cells which must be constantly replaced as well as accumulators which have to be periodically charged and require special charging devices, and on the other hand, only requires slight actuating forces which can easily be developed in a lighter. 7

According to this invention, the above objects can be easily achieved by deriving the supply of ignition energy from at least one photoelectric cell. Our experiments have shown that the energy requirement for the ignition of a gas lighter, particularly a high voltage ignition, is only a few m illijoules and that it is possible particularly with table lighters which are relatively large, to provide this by means of photoelectric cells.

For increased efficiency it is preferred to provide a plurality of photoelectric cells connected, via at least one matching resistance, in parallel with an energy storage device such as a miniature rechargeable battery or acapacitor for example.

In the simplest case, the matching resistance is constituted by an ohmic resistance and this is adequate in many cases. However, optimum matching of the energy store and the photoelectric cells is not obtained if such a constant resistance is employed since the lighter will generally be subject to various levels of illumination ranging between total darkness and full sunlight and the characteristics of the photoelectric cells will change accordingly. It is therefore preferred to use a variable matching resistance such as, for example, a photoconductive cell the resistance of which varies automatically with the level of incident illumination between a small value with powerful illumination and a larger value with less illumination. Table lighters are generally kept in the open and therefore, even in winter with poor illumination, are exposed to the light for several hours so that sufficient energy can be produced and stored for a sufficient period to permit ignition of the table lighter even in darkness. To prevent the energy stored in the storage device from discharging through the photoelectric cells should their output fall below the stored voltage, e.g. during darkness or insufficient illumination, the matching resistance desirably is coupled with a diode poled to block such a discharge or alternatively and advantageously a photoelectric diode is used as the matching resistance.

As has already been mentioned above, the energy storage device can be a simple accumulator (recharga ble battery) in a discharge path of which are connected an ignition switch and a filament or other means by which the gas flow may be ignited. Alternatively, the energy storage device can be a capacitor in a discharge both of which are connected on ignition switch and the gas ignition means which, in the case of a capacitive storage device which generally will not be capable of sustaining an appreciable discharge current for long enough to heat a filament will include the primary winding of an ignition transformer adapted to produce sufficient energy in its secondary to cause arcing across an ignition spark gap. Tests have shown that with a capacitive storage device an extraordinarily simple and advantageous table lighter is obtained. In well-lit rooms, the capacitor can be fully charged within a few seconds which suffices in almost all cases.

It can be advantageous to provide the energy storage device as a combination of one or more accumulators and capacitors, the accumulator(s) serving as an energy collector and being connected, generally via a resistor, to the capacitor(s) which serve as an energy distributor. The resistor limits the current which can be taken from the accumulator and can advantageously be so dimensioned that the capacitor can be recharged less than'one second after an ignition. The provision of the capacitor enables the ignition energy to be supplied to the ignition transformer in accurately metered quanage, the currents to be switched during the capacitor discharge are therefore large. There is then a danger that the switch contacts may fuse, or alternatively the switch must be made large and provided with high contact pressure. It is therefore advantageous, to avoid the above-mentioned effects and also relative to advantageous dimensioning of the capacitor output voltage transformer, to operate the lighter with a higher voltage than that produced by the photoelectric cells. This could be achieved by series connection of relatively numerous, but at present still relatively costly photoelectric cells in conjunction with a corresponding series connection of accumulators, but in order to avoid the high costs for the photoelectric cells but still enable a small capacitor to be used, according to preferred embodiments of the invention, several accumulators are ,used which in a non-operativecondition of the lighter 'are connected electrically in parallel with the photoelectric cells by means of mechanical switches and are connectable prior to ignition via the switches in series in the charging circuit to the capacitor of the high voltage ignition circuit. It is advantageous to use miniature Ni-Cd accumulators in the form of so-called button cells which are small and have a long life.

Another embodiment with voltage multiplication is characterised by several accumulators which in the nonoperative condition are connected in parallel with the photoelectric cells via diodes and are separated from one another by multiple switches by means of which prior to ignition they are connectable in series in the charging circuit to the capacitor of the high voltage ignition circuit.

Voltage multiplication without multiple switching is obtainable by using a plurality of series connected accumulators individually connected in parallel with the photoelectric cells by means of diodes and separated from one another by series resistors, the arrangement furthermore being such that for operation of the lighter the several series connected accumulators can be switched across the capacitor in the ignition circuit for charging the capacitor with their added voltages.

It will be appreciated that as well as the arrangements described herein, other voltage multiplication circuits not illustrated can be built up. Tests have shown that successful operation can most conveniently be obtained with voltages of the order of three to four volts. Thus at least three Ni-Cd accumulators must be used as energy accumulators when voltage multiplication is obtained by connecting the accumulators in parallel for charging and in series for discharging.

An alternative and particularly favourable means for voltage multiplication is obtained if the photoelectric cells are connected to the energy store via a D.C. voltage converter. In this way it is possible to use a relatively small number of presently costly photoelectric cells for converting the light into electrical energy, and also the low output voltage of the photoelectric .cells can be converted with simple means, which can easily be fitted into a lighter, to the higher direct voltage necessary for charging the energy (store). The provision of a voltage converter obviates the need to connect the accumulators in parallel for charging and in series for discharging.

Advantageously the components of the D.C. converter are combined to form a unit which is e.g. encapsulated and combined with the energy store (in the form of accumulators) to form a plug-in unit. Miniature Ni-Cd accumulators (known as button cells) are light, robust, completely enclosed, positionally independent and readily obtainable. The voltage of an Ni-Cd accumulator is about l.2 volts. lt is advantageous to combine four Ni-Cd accumulators into a pile by means of which a voltage of about 4.8 volts is obtained on the primary side of the ignition circuit.

D.C. voltage converters are known per se, and as such do not form the subject of the present invention.

However, a particularly convenient construction is obtained if the components of the voltage converter are combined to form a unit which is placed inside a casing which then is inserted into an outer casing for the Ni-Cd accumulators. This results in a very simple prefabricated plug-in module which, like a battery, can be accommodated in the lighter housing. Tests have shown that the components of the D.C. converter only require a space of 3 to 4 cm Such a construction permits rapid replacement of the D.C. converter e.g. in the event of faults, and equally easy replacement of the Ni-Cd accumulators. It is particularly advantageous for the transformer of the D.C. converter to have a cup core which has a smaller diameter than the Ni-Cd accumulators and to combine these parts to form a pile which may be housed in a cylindrical metal or plastics casing. The Ni-Cd accumulators can be placed between a spring contact in the base of the casing and a contact on the transformer core of the D.C. converter. The pohtoelectric cells can also be combined in a common casing with the D.C. converter and, if desired, with the energy storage accumulators. Such an arrangement is particularly advantageous for servicing.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a D.C. converter is arranged both between the photoelectric cells and the energy store and between the latter and the ignition spark gap. In this case the provision of a rectifier diode in the high voltage circuit to prevent discharge of the energy store via the photoelectric cells becomes superfluous.

The invention proposes several ways in which the photoelectric cells can be exposed to the light in the optimum way. According to one embodiment, the lighter has a casing upon which the photoelectric cells are mounted. in another embodiment the photoelectric cells are mounted on the lighter body behind corresponding apertures in the housing. The photocon ductive cell or photoelectric diode are then located beside the photoelectric cells and are also exposed to the light. It is advantageous to arrange for the photoelectric cells to receive light via optical members such as a lens system and/or light guide. By such means it is possible to position the photoelectric cells at any desired, constructionally-favourable, protected position in the lighter body. In a preferred embodiment the optical system comprising photoelectric cells, photoconductive cell and/or photoelectric diode, and the lens system together with an insulating mounting plate is assembled as an independent complete unit. Other embodiments of this invention employ lenses and/or prisms to optimize the light capture by the photoelectric elements and to render the light capture substantially independent of the direction of incidence of the illuminating light.

The photoelectric cells and/or optical members may be technically so designed that at the same time they appear as decorative elements on the lighter.

The present invention is also conerned with the internal construction of such lighters as have been described hereinbefore. As the electrical circuits of the lighters I are developed and become more sophisticated with more componchtsQtlic problems of accomodating the components of thc'lightcr wi'thin an acceptably sized housing become more severe.

One known form of electrically ignited gas table lighter is disclosed in French Pat. specification No. 1,387,610 and comprises a housing, a structural chassis, an electrical chassis and a base made of synthetic plastics material. Secured to the electrical chassis, partially in separate small protective boxes, are a rechargeable voltage source, a spark ignition capacitor, an ignition transformer andan actuating switch. A fuel tank is held on a chassis by means ofa tongue. The fuel tank, structural chassis, and electrical chassis are mounted on the base. The base also carries a holder for the ignition electrode, and an actuating rod for a a fuel valve is mounted on the fuel tank. The electrode holder and an actuating switch in their turn are arranged on a ceramic base. For interconnection of the individual electrical elements, so-called flying leads are used. This arrangement provides for very stable internal construction but results in the weight of the lighter being relatively high. Also there are numerous different individual parts which have to be separately manufactured,

mounted, assembled and supplied to repair workshops .number of electrical components considerably in excess of the number employed for example in the above mentioned'known lighter. Moreover, electrical connections of different lengths and thicknesses become necessary in order tointerconnect the increased number of components, and the comparatively small size of modern electrical components in comparison to the electrical elements of known lighters does not facilitate the making of such interconnections by conventional flying leads.

Yet a further aspect of the present invention is directed to the task of arranging the internal construction of lighters of this type in such a manner that, although substantially more individual electrical elements than hitherto are used, nevertheless the lighter can be made lessheavy than before. Furthermore it is desirable to avoid the hitherto customary divison of the structural chassis and the electrical chassis, and to avoid having flying leads. Above all, however, the object of this aspect of the invention is to enable a construction capable of simple assembly, not only as regards the individual electrical parts, but also as regards the individual mechanical parts, which moreover, enables economical servicing to be effected. The above objects an'd advantages can be achievedby employing one or more printed circuit boards in the assembly of theelectrical circuits and employing these printed circuit boards as structural support memberswithin. lighterifor nonelectrical components of the lighter. A

We, are of course awarethat invra d io, teleyi'sion, and

in .electrical data processing ,apparatus for..example printed circuit boards have been widely used; however, so far as we are aware they have never been used in lighters. since wiring with flying leads has been considered sufficient. The present invention resides not in printed circuit boards per se, but in the skilful application thereof, to lighters, with the circuit board(s) scrving'a structural function inside a lighter.

In anembodiment of the invention which is described in detail hereafter, the photoelectric elements provided for developing the gas ignition energy are mounted on a special printed circuit and assembly board which is arranged on and inclined to the main printed circuit and assembly board; this arrangement facilitates the mounting of the photoelectric elements in appropriate surroundings.

The ignition electrodes of the ignition current circuit likewise are arranged on a special printed circuit and assembly board which is inclined relative to, and connected to, the main circuit and assembly board.

The various printed circuit and assembly boards can be connected together by means of projections on one or other board, which are inserted through corresponding openings in another board. This not only facilitates the assembly of the lighter, but also ensures great mechanical stability. Moreover, the projections can be plated with printed conductors for connecting branch conductors which are led directly to the openings, the printed conductors and their branch conductors conveniently being soldered together in the region of the projections pushed through the corresponding openings. Not only does this produce a better electrical contact between the individual elements, but also the mechanical stability of the arrangement is enhanced.

Hereinafter, the construction and operation of various embodiments will be explained with the aid of the accompanying drawings illustrating preferred embodiments of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows the circuit diagram of a first embodiment having high voltage arc'ignition;

FIG. 2 shows the circuit diagram of a second embodiment having filament ignition;

FIG. 3 shows the circuit diagram according to FIG. 1 incorporating a voltage doubler;

FIG. 4 shows a partial circuit diagram of a high voltage are ignition system with a voltage trebler;

FIG. 5 shows a partial circuit diagram of a further embodiment of a high voltage arc ignition system with a voltage trebler;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a table lighter having an electrical circuit as shown in FIG. 3 and provided with automatic changeover switching for voltage doubling;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic front view ofa table lighter with photoelectric cells located on the sides of the lighter casing;

FIG. 8 shows schematically a partial cross-section of a table lighter having a different arrangement of the photoelectric cells;

FIG. 9 shows a constructional detail of an optical system;

FIG. 10 shows a front view of a table lighter incorporating an optical system as shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 shows a longitudinal section through a table lighter with the casing partially removed;

FIG. 12 shows a circuit diagram ofa lighter with highvoltage are ignition without accumulators;

FIG. l3 shows a circuit diagram of a further embodiment of the invention;

FIG..I4 shows a constructional detail illustrating a power pack unit; m

FIGS. 15, a, and 15!) show construction details;

FIG. 16 shows the circuit diagram of a further em bodiment of the invention; A

FIG. 17 shows in cross-section a construction detail illustrating a particularly convenient arrangement of the photoelectric cells; v

FIG. 18 shows a perspective view of one advantageous form of lighter constructed to obtain optimised light capture by the photoelectric elements;

FIG. 19 shows a prismatic optical member employed in the lighter of FIG. 18 to optimize light capture by the photoelectric elements;

l of a transparent cover forming part of the lighter of FIG. 18;

FIG. 21 shows another lighter constructed to optimize light capture;

FIG. 22 shows a modified form of the lighter of FIG. 21;

FIGS. 23 and 24 show plan views illustrating possible arrangements of the photoelectric elements in the lighters of FIGS. 21 and 22;

FIG. 25 shows a perspective view of the upper part of a further lighter constructed to optimize light capture by the photoelectric elements.

FIG. 26 shows the electrical circuit diagram of an exemplary lighter of the type with which the present invention is concerned;

FIG. 27 shows a partly cut away side view of a constructional form of the lighter of FIG. 26 showing details of a main printed circuit and structional assembly board employed in the lighter construction;

FIG. 28 shows a sectional side view taken on the line XXVll-XXVII in FIG. 27 and showing the main printed circuit and structural assembly board with a further printed circuit and structural assembly board projecting perpendicularly therefrom for receiving photoelectric elements, for deriving the ignition en- FIG. 29 shows a plan view of the arrangements according to FIGS. 27 and 28;

FIG. 30 shows an exemplary housing for receiving the arrangements according to FIGS. 27 to 29;

FIG. 31 shows a sectional view, transverse to the main printed circuit and structure assembly board, through a lighter having a cylindrically-shaped housing;

FIG. 32 shows a section taken coincident with the main printed circuit and structural assembly board in the lighter according to FIG. 31; and

FIG. 33 shows a plan view of the lighter of FIGS. 31 and 32.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION 8 Between the accumulator, l and the photoelectric cells 2 is connected amatching resistance 3. Optimum matching between accumulator l and photoelectric cells 2 is not obtainable with a constant resistance 3. Since between darkness and full sunshine every level of illumination of the photoelectric cells must be expected, therefore it is preferred that the resistance 3 also is variable. With strong illumination the matching resistance must be small, whilst with less illumination it must be high. It can therefore be advantageous to connect in series or parallel with, or instead of, the re sistance 3 a photoconductive cell 4 the resistance of which reduces with increasing illumination and vice versa.

In darkness or with insufficient illumination, the photoelectric voltage can fall to below the voltage of the accumulator 1. So that this does not then cause discharge of the accumulator via the photoelectric cells 2, a diode 5 is connected to block such a discharge. It is also possible to replace the matching resistance 3, photoconductive cell 4 and diode 5 by a photoelectric diode 6 or to combine a photoelectric diode with the resistance 3, whereby a good matching and the desired blocking action can be achieved.

For ease of illustration in the remaining FIGS., members 4, 5 and 6 are indicated together only by the resistance 3.

In FIG. 1, the accumulator 1 is connected via a resistance l1 and an automatically acting switch 10 to a capacitor 12 which forms a component of a per se known high voltage are ignition circuit for lighters. On raising the table lighter from its base 7, a switch pin 8 protrudes from the base of the lighter under the action of a spring 9 and closes the switch 10 whereupon capacitor 12 is charged via a resistance 11. Resistance 11 limits the current taken from the accumulator l and may be selected so that the capacitor 12 is fully charged for example in less than one second.

Switch 10 is not absolutely necessary; however, owing to their high capacitance with small size, electrolytic'capacitors are preponderantly used as capacitors, and these often have high leakage currents which, without switch 10, could under certain circumstances discharge the accumulator 1.

The recharging circuit between accumulator 1 and capacitor 12 takes in the resting contact path of a change-over switch 13, the operating contact path of which controls the high voltage ignition circuit. The changeover switch 13 can be operated as desired e.g. by means of a lever 45 inorder to ignite the lighter.

After change-over switching of switch 13 out of its resting state as shown and into its operating state the capacitor 12 discharges in a very short time via the primary winding 14 of an ignition transformer in whose secondary winding 15 there is thus induced a high voltage which causes an arc across a spark gap 16 located above gas outlet 17 which is connected with a gas tank 18. A valve 19 serving to start and stop the gas flow is in per se known manner coupled by means of a linkage 20 or the like with the change-over switch 13 in such a way that on changing the change-over switch 13 the valve is opened or closed. For operating the table lighter only'one member namely the change-over switch 13, therefore has to be moved. For this purpose considerably less force is necessary than when operating an electromagnetic ignitionvoltage generator or a piezoelectric ignition device.

By virtue of the provision of the capacitor 12, the ignition energy is supplied to the ignition transformer l4, in an accurately metered manner. It cannot be varied at will by the user of the table lighter so that an economic energy consumption is ensured.

A very simple electrically ignited table lighter is obtained with an arrangement according to FIG. 2. The energy store inthis lighter is a single accumulator l which is connected continuously with the photoelectric cells 2 via a matching resistance 3. The ignition circuit is connected in via switch 21, and a filament 22 disposed above the gas outlet 17 is connected across accumulator l and, when switch 21 is closed, is caused to incandesce so that the gas flowing past ignites.

In this embodiment also it is convenient to interconnect valve 19 and switch 21 so that only one member needs to be activated. Since with filament heating considerably more energy is consumed than with the high voltage arc ignition according to FIG. 1, it is preferred, after gas ignition has taken place, to release switch 21 so that energy consumption is interrupted without however thereby closing valve 19. Release of the switch 21 can also be arranged to take place automatically for' example by means of a bimetal which is in contact with the flame or by means of some other temperaturesensitive element. Closure of valve 19 can be manual or automatic in response to putting down the table lighter on a base 7.

The photoelectric cells 2 in the embodiment of FIG. 2 are continuously connected with the accumulator 1. Owing to the greater energy consumption associated with filament heating it is advantageous, with this em-' cumulator 1, it is inappropriate to correspondingly increase the number of series connected photoelectric cells 2. It is more convenient, when a higher voltage is required, to employ several accumulators,'l, 1.1, 1.2, etc., which on charging, i.e. in the non-operative position of the table lighter, are in parallel with the photoelectric cells 2 and, when the table lighter is in use, are discharged in series with capacitor 12.

According to the invention such a circuit can function purely mechanically with change-over switches, switches and diodes and, without movable parts, only with diodes and resistances.

FIG. 3 shows a voltage doubling arrangement in which two accumulators l and- 1.1. are so connected with a two-pole mechanical change-over switch 23 .that, for charging, the accumulators 1 and 1.1 are in parallel with the photoelectric cells 2, and, for use of the table lighter, the change-over switch 23 must be brought into the other'switching position (eg by pressing down a button 24) to place accumulators 1 and 1.1 in series to charge capacitor 12 with their summed voltages. As described hereinafter and shown in FIG. 6, the

two-pole change-over switch 23 can, in a simple manner, be arranged to be brought into the correct switching position automatically.

In the following FIGS. 4 and 5 the components of the high voltage ignition circuit to the right of actuating switch 13, i.e. the primary and secondary windings 14, I5, spark gap 16, gas outlet 17, gas tank 18, valve 19 and lever 20 are no longer shown. They are not important for understanding the invention and have already been explained in detail in conjunction with FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 shows a circuit in which the energy-generating photoelectric cells 2 are in operative connection with the components of the energy store, i.e. accumulators l, 1.1, 1.2 etc, via diodes 25 and switches 26 in order to bring about a trebling of the voltage. The switches 26 can be coupled via linkages 27 with the switch pin 8 of switch 10 so that switches 10 and 26, under the action of spring 9, automatically close on lifting the table lighter from the base 7. With switches 10 and 26 closed, accumulators 1, 1.1 and 1.2 are series connected so as to charge capacitor 12 with treble the voltage developed across the photoelectric cells. The parallel connection of accumulators 1, 1.1 and 1.2 for their recharging takes place automatically when the table lighter is put down onto base 7 which operates switch pin 8 to open the switches 10 and 26.

FIG. 5 shows a circuit for trebling the operating voltage wherein only diodes 25 and resistances 28 are used, i.e. there are no movable members. As can be seen from the drawing, with switch 10 open the accumulators 1, 1.1 and 1.2 are all connected in parallel with the photoelectric cells 2, whilst with the switch 10 closed they are series connected to charge capacitor 12 with the sum of their individual voltages.

In the circuit according to FIG. 3 there is no need for the switch 10 because capacitor 12, in the nonoperative position of the table lighter, is isolated by change-over switch 23 and no leakage current can flow. However, in the circuits according to FIGS. 4 and 5, it is advantageous to provide the switch 10 because, without this switch, part of the energy supplied by the photoelectric cells 2 would be consumed by the leakage current of capacitor 12. With weak illumination, i.e. when the charging voltage of the photoelectric cell 2 is smaller than the accumulator voltage, accumulators l, 1.1 and 1.2 would, with no switch 10, discharge via capacitor 12.

FIGS. 3, 4 and, 5 only show examples of voltage multiplication systems. With the means shown and described any other voltage multiplication circuit can be produced. When using presently available photoelectric cells, one to three accumulators 1, 1.1 and 1.2 will be sufficient.

FIG. 6 shows schematically in longitudinal section a table lighter employing the circuit of FIG. 3 and arranged for automatic voltage doubling.

The table lighter of FIG. 6, is enclosed by a housing 29 and closure member 30. To a side wall of the housing 29 there is attached an-insulating plate 31 whereon are located the photoelectric cells 2. In the top of the housing 29, openings 32 and 33 are provided for the actuating lever 34, which operates the change-over switch 13 and thevalve 19, as well as for a flame outlet. The actuating lever 34is returned by a spring 35 which always bringsthe lever 34, once releaseed, into the off position as shown in FIG. 6. When the table lighter is not in use, the primary winding 14 is separated from capacitor 12 and the valve 19 is closed.

The two-pole. change-over switch 23 is provided with a switch pin 8 which projects through an opening 36 in 

1. An electrically ignited gas lighter including a photoelectric transducer, electrical storage means connected to said transducer for storing electrical energy developed thereby during illumination thereof, an ignition circuit including switch means manually operable to energize gas ignition means connected to said electrical storage means for lighting the lighter, the lighter having a gas tank the supply of gas wherefrom is controlled by a valve operatively connected with said switch means, printed circuit board means forming part of said ignition circuit, said circuit board means supporting one of said electrical storage means and said ignition means, and said circuit board means serving also as a structural support member for non-electrical components of the lighter.
 2. An electrically ignited gas lighter as claimed in claim 1 wherein said circuit board means includes one or more printed circuit boards upon which said electrical storage means and/or said ignition circuit is assembled, said photoelectric transducer is mounted upon a printed circuit board separate from the said one or more printed circuit boards upon which the electrical storage means and/or the ignition circuit is assembled, said separate printed circuit board being secured to another printed circuit board at an inclination to the plane thereof.
 3. An electrically ignited gas lighter as claimed in claim 2 wherein said gas ignition means comprises ignition electrodes connected to said ignition circuit and arranged to be powered thereby to cause arcing therebetween for igniting the lighter, and said ignition electrodes are mounted upon a printed circuit board separate from the said one or more printed circuit boards upon which the electrical storage means and/or the ignition circuit is assembled, said printed circuit board upon which the ignition electrodes are mounted being secured to another printed circuit board at an inclination to the plane thereof.
 4. An electrically ignited gas lighter as claimed in claim 3 wherein a main printed circuit board is provided upon which the electrical storage means and/or the ignition circuit is assembled, and one or more further printed circuit boards are mounted along an edge of the main printed circuit board and extending perpendicularly to the plane thereof.
 5. An electrically ignited lighter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the internal construction of the lighter incorporates printed circuit boards secured to one another by the engagement with one another of projections and corresponding apertures formed on the boards.
 6. An electrically ignited gas lighter as claimed in claim 5 wherein the projections are provided with printed circuit conductors for making electrical connection with printed circuit conductors at said apertures.
 7. An electrically ignited gas lighter as claimed in claim 6 wherein soldered joints are provided at the junctions of the printed circuit conductors on the projections and at the apertures.
 8. An electrically ignited gas lighter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the gas tank is accommodated in an opening in a printed circuit boArd serving as a structural support member. 